摘要： 低空多无人机自组织网络由于数据传输容易被地形或建筑物等遮挡,通信中断时有发生,同时传统拥塞处理体系已不能满足无人机间通信的质量要求。针对以上问题,提出一种数据可靠传输的跨层方法。运用该方法在物理层根据信道条件得出3种通信方式的中断概率,在MAC层根据数据包进入缓存队列时间,进行拥塞等级划分,在传输层根据拥塞情况控制滑动窗口大小,自适应控制源无人机的数据发送速率,在网络层以中断概率与拥塞值的联合权重为依据,提供数据可靠传输的路由选择。仿真结果表明,与移动自组网拥塞感知路由协议、动态拥塞感知路由协议相比,该方法有效降低了中断概率,并随着数据发送速率以及无人机速度的增加,可获得更低的平均时延和较高的投递成功率。

关键词: 低空多无人机, 跨层, 中断概率, 拥塞控制, 路由选择

Abstract: As the information transmission is sheltered easily by landform and terrain for the low-altitude Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAV) Ad Hoc networks,communication is interrupted frequent. Furthermore,the traditional congestion handling system cannot meet the quality requirement of UAV communication. In order to solve the above questions,a cross-layer method for reliable data transmission is proposed. The interruption probability of three communication mode is calculated based on channel conditions in the physical layer. The mechanism of the congestion degree division,according to the MAC layer information shared,based on the time that the packets enter in the buffering queue. The size of sliding windows is controlled by congestion in the transport layer,which can adaptively control the packet transmission rate of UAV. The best routing for reliable information transmission is selected by optimizing interruption probability and congestion degree in the network layer. Simulation results show,compared with Congestion Aware Routing protocol for Mobile(CARM) Ad Hoc network and Dynamic Congestion Aware Routing(DCAR) protocol,this method reduces interruption probability validly,and with the increase of information transmission rate and the speed of UAV,the low-altitude UAVs Ad Hoc networks get higher packet delivery ratio and lower average delay.

Key words: Low-altitude Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs), cross-layer, interruption probability, congestion control, routing selection

中图分类号: 

• TP391