摘要： 三维高斯溅射（3DGS）在新视图合成与高精度场景重建中表现卓越，然而，其过高的模型存储开销严重限制了实际应用。为此，提出了一种轻量化压缩方法，以降低3DGS模型存储开销并提升渲染效率。首先，引入基于局部颜色差异与冗余度的重要性评分度量方法，以识别并剔除冗余高斯基元；此外，提出一种融合高斯滤波与下采样的抗混叠渐进式训练策略，以提高训练的稳定性与效率；在此基础上，针对高斯基元的不同属性，采用混合量化方案以进一步提高压缩比；最后，结合Morton编码与残差编码对高斯基元的坐标属性进行压缩，进一步减少模型体积。为验证方法有效性，模型在多个真实数据集上与多种现有压缩模型进行了对比实验，结果表明，所提方法在保持与Reduced-3DGS相当渲染质量的同时，模型体积相较于原始3DGS降低97.8%，相较于Reduced-3DGS进一步压缩38.8%，同时提升了训练与渲染效率，相较于现有的其他压缩模型均具有显著优势。模型实现了压缩率与渲染质量之间的良好平衡，为推进3DGS在三维场景重建中的实际应用提供了有效解决方案。

Abstract: 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) has shown remarkable performance in novel view synthesis and high-precision scene reconstruction. However, its excessively high model storage overhead significantly limits its practical applications. To address this issue, a lightweight compression method is proposed to reduce the storage cost of 3DGS models and enhance rendering efficiency. First, an importance score metric based on local color differences and redundancy is introduced to identify and eliminate redundant Gaussian primitives. Furthermore, a progressive training strategy that combines Gaussian filtering and downsampling is proposed to improve the stability and efficiency of training. On this basis, a hybrid quantization scheme is applied to different properties of the Gaussian primitives to further improve the compression ratio. Finally, Morton encoding and residual encoding are utilized to compress the coordinate attributes of the Gaussian primitives, further reducing the model size. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, experiments were conducted on multiple real-world datasets and compared with various existing compression models. The results show that the proposed method reduces the model size by 97.8% compared to the original 3DGS, and by an additional 38.8% compared to Reduced-3DGS, while maintaining comparable rendering quality to Reduced-3DGS. It also enhances both training and rendering efficiency, demonstrating significant advantages over other existing compression models. The model achieves a good balance between compression ratio and rendering quality, providing an effective solution for advancing the practical application of 3DGS in 3D scene reconstruction.