摘要： 无死锁是并行程序正确性的主要条件之一，已有研究成果关注于死锁检测，但对死锁预防研究较少。该文在对消息传递模式并行程序各种通信过程进行分类介绍的基础上，借助Petri网进行建模，提出程序死锁与Petri网死标识的对应关系，给出通信死锁检测算法，进而针对2种引起通信死锁的原因提出了3种预防方法，通过比较提出最佳方案。该方法既有较好的通用性，又可用于并行算法设计阶段的死锁预防以提高并行编程效率。

关键词: 消息传递, 通信死锁, Petri网, 死锁预防

Abstract: A parallel program should be deadlock-free to assure correct, but most of researches are focused on deadlock detection while few on deadlock prevention. Based on the classification of communication procedures of message-passing parallel programs, they are modeled by Petri nets, and the correspondence between program’s deadlock and Petri net’s dead marking is given. Two kinds of reason leading to deadlock are analyzed and an algorithm is provided to detect the deadlock, and three methods of deadlock prevention are presented with comparison to achieve the best one. The given method not only is useful for all message-passing parallel programs, but also can improve the programming efficiency with pre-verification.

Key words: message-passing, communication deadlock, Petri net, deadlock prevention

中图分类号: 

• TP311