摘要： 目标跟踪是无线传感器网络中的一项基本应用,如何在保证高跟踪精度的前提下降低网络能耗、延长网络生命周期是目标跟踪的核心问题。为此,提出一种基于能量高效动态分簇的目标跟踪算法。从最大限度节省 量的角度出发,设计动态簇生成方法,利用无迹粒子滤波算法对目标进行跟踪,预测下一时刻目标的位置坐标,并根据预测结果给出簇头更换策略。仿真结果表明,与PPF 和DPF 算法相比,该算法不仅具有较高的目标跟踪精度,而且能有效降低网络能耗,延长网络寿命。

关键词: 无线传感器网络, 目标跟踪, 无迹粒子滤波算法, 动态分簇, 接收信号强度指示模型, 无迹卡尔曼滤波算法

Abstract: Target tracking is a basic application in Wireless Sensor Network(WSN). It is a core problem to make a high tracking precision with low energy consumption and prolong the network’s life cycle. Aiming at this problem,a target tracking algorithm based on energy-efficient dynamic clustering is proposed. It firstly presents a new method of generating the dynamic cluster from the view of greatly saving energy. Then,the generated cluster structure uses the Unscented Particle Filtering(UPF) algorithm to track the target and predict the location coordinates in next moment. Finally,according to the predicted results,this paper puts forward a cluster head replaced policy. Simulation results show that,compared with PPF algorithm and DPF algorithm,this algorithm not only has higher target tracking precision,but also effectively reduces the network energy consumption and extends the network lifetime.

Key words: Wireless Sensor Network(WSN), target tracking, Unscented Particle Filtering(UPF) algorithm, dynamic clustering, Received Signal Strength Indications(RSSI) model, Unscented Kalman Filtering(UKF) algorithm

中图分类号: 

• TP393