Lightweight Privacy Preserving Proof of Location Protocol Based on Incentive Driven

doi:10.19678/j.issn.1000-3428.0064729

Abstract

Abstract: The decentralized Proof of Location(PoL) scheme relies on distributed witnesses to assist with the PoL; however, the witnesses not only consume their own resources when participating in the PoL, but they also face the risk of location privacy leakage.Thus, most witnesses will not actively participate in the PoL.To attract the participation of witnesses, a lightweight privacy PoL protocol based on incentives is proposed. An asymmetric Time-based One-Time Password(TOTP) and a Privacy Preserving Location Proximity(PPLP) detection protocol are used to develop an efficient and lightweight PoL protocol with location privacy protection.Based on the Hash commitment scheme, the generated password and privacy PoL request are combined to calculate the location commitment and upload it to the blockchain network.The smart contract technology is used to design an incentive mechanism based on contribution, calculate the actual contribution based on the witness's effective and invalid location certification, and pay rewards through the incentive mechanism deployed in the blockchain network to encourage the witness to actively participate in location certification.The experimental results show that the incentive mechanism's total Gas cost is 1.28×10^-3 Ether, which is highly feasible for the decentralized PoL scheme.

Key words: Proof of Location(PoL), Time-based One-Time Password(TOTP), smart contract, location privacy, incentive mechanism

摘要： 去中心化位置证明方案依赖分布式的见证者协助位置证明，但是当见证者参与位置证明时不仅消耗自身资源，还面临位置隐私泄露的风险，因此，大部分见证者不会主动参与位置证明。为促进见证者的参与，提出基于激励驱动的轻量级隐私位置证明协议。利用非对称时间基一次性口令和隐私保护位置接近性检测协议构建高效且具有位置隐私保护的轻量级位置证明协议，基于哈希承诺方案将产生的口令与隐私位置证明请求相结合，计算位置承诺并上传到区块链网络中。采用智能合约技术设计基于贡献度的激励机制，依据见证者做出的有效位置证明和无效位置证明计算实际贡献度，通过部署在区块链网络中的激励机制支付奖励，促使见证者积极参与位置证明。实验结果表明，该激励机制总计Gas花费1.28×10^-3Ether，具有较优的可行性。

关键词: 位置证明, 时间基一次性口令, 智能合约, 位置隐私, 激励机制

CLC Number:

TP391

YANG Junming, YIN Chao, YANG Zheng. Lightweight Privacy Preserving Proof of Location Protocol Based on Incentive Driven[J]. Computer Engineering, 2023, 49(3): 151-160.

杨俊明, 尹超, 杨铮. 基于激励驱动的轻量级隐私保护位置证明协议[J]. 计算机工程, 2023, 49(3): 151-160.

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