Abstract: The distribution of emergency supplies for large-scale natural disasters is the basis for emergency relief at disaster-stricken sites, and it mainly studies how to reasonably allocate emergency supplies around the natural disaster-stricken sites so as to expeditiously deliver emergency supplies from various reserve stations to the disaster-stricken sites to ensure the smooth implementation of accidental relief. However, most of the existing researches are limited to the distribution of emergency materials at a single stage, and they emphasize too much on the timeliness of the emergency response and neglect the continuity of the material consumption. To this end, a multi-objective allocation model is first constructed for multi-reserve stations, multiple emergency materials, multi-affected points, and multi-stage continuous allocation of emergency materials, and the constraints to meet the continuous consumption of materials within a stage are analyzed and deduced. Then, a multi-objective allocation algorithm for large-scale natural disaster emergency materials is proposed based on the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm and heuristic strategy. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by simulation experiments. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm simultaneously takes into account the continuity and timeliness requirements of large-scale natural disaster emergency response, and can provide more and better emergency material allocation schemes for large-scale natural disaster emergency relief.

摘要： 大型自然灾害应急物资分配是展开受灾点应急救援的基础，主要研究如何对受自然灾害地点周边的应急物资进行合理的调配以尽快的让应急物资从各个储备站输送到受灾点，保障事故救援的顺利开展。然而，已有研究大都局限于单个阶段的应急物资分配，且过于强调应急响应的时效性而忽视了物资消耗的连续性。为此，构建了一种面向多储备站、多种应急物资、多受灾点、多阶段连续分配应急物资的多目标分配模型，并分析推演了满足物资阶段内连续消耗的约束条件，然后基于非支配排序遗传算法和启发式策略设计了一种大型自然灾害应急物资多目标分配算法。最后，通过仿真实验验证了所提方法的有效性。实验结果表明，所提方法同时兼顾了大型自然灾害应急响应的连续性和时效性要求,可为大型自然灾害应急救援提供更多更好的应急物资分配方案。