摘要： 正交圆轨道星座结合极轨道星座和赤道轨道星座来实现全球连续覆盖，在一定程度上改善了纯粹极轨道星座在中低纬度的覆盖性能。但传统正交圆轨道星座设计方法是以纬度线来划分极轨道星座和赤道轨道星座所需覆盖的范围，是一种较为粗略的覆盖区域划分方法，未能充分利用两种星座的几何性质。对此，根据极轨星座卫星的运动特性和覆盖特性，分析其在不满足连续覆盖要求的区域中所产生覆盖空隙的特点，并结合赤道轨道星座卫星的特点，提出一种正交圆轨道星座设计方法，通过解析法确定赤道卫星的最小对地覆盖半宽度角参数。给出具有代表性的星座方案与传统正交圆轨道星座设计方法进行对比，并通过STK仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性。

关键词: 星座, 正交圆轨道星座, 全球覆盖, 几何分析, 空隙覆盖

Abstract: Orthogonal circular orbit constellation combines the advantages of polar orbit constellation and equatorial orbit constellation to achieve continuous global coverage,improving the coverage performance of pure polar orbit constellation at low and middle latitudes to some extent.However,the traditional design method of orthogonal circular orbit constellation is to divide the coverage of polar orbit constellation and equatorial orbit constellation by latitude lines,which is too rough to fully utilize geometric properties of two constellations.To solve this problem,according to the motion features and coverage features of the polar orbit constellation satellites,this paper analyzes the features of the coverage gaps generated in the areas that do not meet the continuous coverage requirements,and integrates the characteristics of the equatorial orbit constellation satellites to propose a design method of orthogonal circular orbit constellation based on geometric analysis.By using the analytical method,the parameters of the half-width angle for minimum ground coverage of the equatorial satellite is determined.The typical constellation scheme is given to compare with the traditional design method of orthogonal circular orbit constellation,and the effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by the STK simulations.

Key words: constellation, orthogonal circular orbit constellation, global coverage, geometric analysis, gap coverage

中图分类号: 

• TP391