支持MIPS架构的轻量型开源鸿蒙系统移植

doi:10.19678/j.issn.1000-3428.0067108

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

空间数据系统咨询委员会高级在轨系统标准定义的空间数据系统分布式架构是提高星载系统整体可靠性的一种有效方案。国内通常采用基于MIPS架构的龙芯系列处理器作为该架构典型应用节点的航天器控制终端，但由于缺失自主可控的轻量型操作系统，限制了该架构在航天领域的部署与应用。为了构建自主可控的航天信息系统技术体系，实现在龙芯控制终端上移植适配国产轻量型开源鸿蒙操作系统的目标，通过分析开源鸿蒙操作系统LiteOS-M轻量实时内核与MIPS架构，聚焦硬件抽象层(HAL)和内核硬件相关部分，设计并实现一种包括引导系统启动加载、HAL架构适配、串口驱动、内核裁剪、工具链搭建的移植方案。为了验证移植后系统的基础功能与实时性能指标，在基于MIPS架构的龙芯星载控制终端LS1J与LS1C硬件平台上设计测试用例并开展实验。实验结果表明，轻量型开源鸿蒙操作系统成功适配MIPS架构，能够稳定可靠地运行在龙芯控制终端上，系统任务上下文切换时延为0.229 μs，中断响应时延为4.73 μs，满足实时性系统指标。

关键词: 移植, 开源鸿蒙系统, MIPS架构, 龙芯处理器, 控制终端, 分布式架构

Abstract:

The distributed architecture of the spatial data system defined by the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems(CCSDS) advanced in-orbit system standard is an effective solution to improve the overall reliability of the on-board system. In China, the spacecraft control terminals, as typical application nodes of the architecture, typically use Loongson series processors based on Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipelined Stages(MIPS) architecture. However, because of the lack of an autonomous and controllable lightweight operating system, the deployment and application of this architecture in China's aerospace field are limited. The aim of this study is to build an autonomous and controllable aerospace information system technology architecture and achieve the porting and adapting to the domestic OpenHarmony lightweight operating system on the Loongson control terminals. By analyzing the LiteOS-M lightweight real-time kernel of OpenHarmony and MIPS architecture and focusing on the Hardware Abstraction Layer(HAL) and kernel hardware related parts, a porting scheme comprising boot loading, HAL architecture adaptation, serial driver, kernel clipping, and tool chain construction is designed and implemented. Experimental test cases are designed based on the MIPS architecture Loongson spaceborne control terminal LS1J and LS1C hardware platforms to verify the basic functions and real-time performance indicators of the migrated system. The experimental results show that the lightweight real-time system of OpenHarmony successfully adapts to the MIPS architecture and can run stably and reliably on the Loongson control terminal. The system task context switching delay is 0.229 μs, and the interrupt response delay is 4.73 μs, which satisfy the requirements for real-time system indicators.

Key words: porting, OpenHarmony system, MIPS architecture, Loongson processor, control terminal, distributed architecture

王一泠, 吴琦, 安军社. 支持MIPS架构的轻量型开源鸿蒙系统移植[J]. 计算机工程, 2023, 49(12): 25-34, 45.

Yiling WANG, Qi WU, Junshe AN. Porting of Lightweight OpenHarmony System Supporting MIPS Architecture[J]. Computer Engineering, 2023, 49(12): 25-34, 45.

http://www.ecice06.com/CN/Y2023/V49/I12/25

图/表 19

图1 LiteOS-M内核架构

Fig.1 LiteOS-M kernel architecture

图2 引导程序设计流程

Fig.2 Design process of guided program

图3 任务优先级就绪队列与优先级位图

Fig.3 Task priority ready queue and priority bitmap

图4 MIPS架构下任务栈初始化设计

Fig.4 Design of task stack initialization under MIPS architecture

图5 上下文切换时任务栈数据结构关系

Fig.5 Data structure relation of task stack during context switching

图6 任务切换设计流程

Fig.6 Design process of task switching

图7 MIPS架构下异常向量表设计

Fig.7 Design of exception vector table under MIPS architecture

图8 LS1J实验环境

Fig.8 LS1J experimental environment

图9 LS1C实验环境

Fig.9 LS1C experimental environment

图10 LS1C编译情况

Fig.10 LS1C compilation status

图11 测试用例运行结果

Fig.11 Test case running result

图12 任务上下文切换时间示意图

Fig.12 Schematic diagram of task context switching time

图13 任务切换时间

Fig.13 Task switching time

图14 中断响应时延

Fig.14 Interrupt response delay

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