摘要： 线型无线传感器网络离基站较近的节点转发量较大,且能量消耗较快,严重影响网络寿命。针对等间距能量优化算法各节点能量消耗不均衡的问题,提出一种梯度距离能量优化算法。将节点传输距离能量作为调节因素,节点间能量均衡作为约束条件,节点到基站由远及近的传 输距离优化为梯度距离。仿真结果表明,梯度距离部署算法可有效平衡节点间的能量消耗,延长网络寿命,与等间距部署算法相比,该算法的网络寿命延长了大约39.2%,能量利用率接近100%。

关键词: 线型无线传感器网络, 能量均衡, 梯度距离, 网络寿命, 能量利用率

Abstract: Linear wireless sensor network nodes near a base station have larger forwarding amount,consume energy faster,and affect the lifetime of network seriously.For an unbalanced energy consumption problem among nodes that equal distance energy optimization algorithm exists,a gradient distance energy optimization algorithm is proposed,which uses the node transmission distance energy as a regulating factor,the energy balance among nodes as constraint conditions,the transmission distances of nodes from far and near base station are optimized to gradient distances.Simulation results show that gradient distance deployment strategy effectively balances the energy consumption of nodes,prolongs network lifetime,compared with equal distance deployment algorithm,the network lifetime is prolonged by approximately 39.2%,and the energy utilization rate is close to 100%.

Key words: linear wireless sensor network, energy balance, gradient distance, network lifetime, energy utilization rate

中图分类号: 

• TN92