人类社会群智涌现机理: 从集群行为到文化演化(特邀)

doi:10.19678/j.issn.1000-3428.0253199

计算机工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (3): 1-40. doi: 10.19678/j.issn.1000-3428.0253199

人类社会群智涌现机理: 从集群行为到文化演化(特邀)

郭斌¹^,*(), 吴磊¹, 刘希明¹, 李明泽¹, 张周阳子¹, 刘思聪¹, 於志文¹^,²

1. 西北工业大学计算机学院, 陕西西安 710129
2. 哈尔滨工程大学计算机科学与技术学院, 黑龙江哈尔滨 150006

收稿日期:2025-10-27 修回日期:2026-01-28 出版日期:2026-03-15 发布日期:2026-03-10
通讯作者: 郭斌
作者简介:
郭斌(CCF杰出会员), 男, 教授、博士, 主研方向为智能物联网、人机物融合群智计算
吴磊, 博士研究生
刘希明, 博士研究生
李明泽, 博士研究生
张周阳子, 硕士
刘思聪, 副教授、博士
於志文, 教授、博士
基金资助:
国家杰出青年科学基金(62025205); 国家自然科学基金(625B2150)

Mechanisms of Crowd Intelligence Emergence in Human Societies: from Collective Behaviors to Culture Evolution (Invited)

GUO Bin¹^,*(), WU Lei¹, LIU Ximing¹, LI Mingze¹, ZHANG Zhouyangzi¹, LIU Sicong¹, YU Zhiwen¹^,²

1. School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, Shaanxi, China
2. College of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150006, Heilongjiang, China

Received:2025-10-27 Revised:2026-01-28 Online:2026-03-15 Published:2026-03-10
Contact: GUO Bin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

群体智能是国家《新一代人工智能发展规划》提出的5个趋势方向之一, "群体智能是如何涌现的"也被《Science》于2021年列为未来亟待攻克的125个关键科学问题之一。当前关于群体智能涌现的研究多以鸟群、鱼群等生物集群为主要对象, 强调简单个体在局部交互规则下形成全局有序行为; 相比之下, 人类社会的群智涌现不仅包含行为层面的协同与组织, 更体现出知识、文化与创新层面的高阶智能与复杂内涵。面对这一差异与空白, 本文系统梳理与阐释人类社会群体智能的概念框架与核心内涵, 围绕人群行进、群体智慧、共识形成、社会合作、社会学习、知识文化与集智创新7类典型现象展开深入分析, 归纳其关键机制、主要模型、驱动要素与演化规律, 进而构建人类社会群智涌现理论体系。在此基础上, 进一步探讨人类群智向人工群智的映射路径与机理, 提炼群智机理驱动的典型人工群智系统范式与实现要点, 为面向复杂任务的人工群智系统设计、构建与发展提供基础理论依据与方法支撑。

关键词: 人类社会, 集体行为, 群体智能, 社会学习, 文化形成, 集智创新

Abstract:

Crowd intelligence has been highlighted as one of the five major trend directions in China's New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan, and the question ″How does crowd intelligence emerge?″ was listed by Science in 2021 among 125 key scientific challenges for the future. Existing studies on intelligence emergence have largely focused on collective intelligence in biological groups (e.g., flocks of birds and schools of fish), emphasizing how simple individuals following local interaction rules can give rise to globally ordered behaviors. By contrast, crowd intelligence in human societies involves not only behavioral coordination and organization but also higher-order intelligence and richer connotations manifested in knowledge, culture, and innovation. To address this discrepancy and research gap, this study, for the first time, systematically reviews and clarifies the conceptual framework and core connotations of crowd intelligence in human societies. It conducts an in-depth analysis of seven representative emergent phenomena—crowd behavior, wisdom of crowds, consensus formation, social cooperation, social learning, knowledge and culture, and collective intelligence innovation—by summarizing their key mechanisms, major models, driving factors, and evolutionary regularities, thereby constructing a theoretical system for the emergence of crowd intelligence in human societies. Building on this foundation, the study further investigates the mapping pathways and mechanisms from human crowd intelligence to artificial crowd intelligence; extracts representative paradigms and essential implementation essentials of mechanism-driven artificial crowd intelligence systems; and provides fundamental theoretical and methodological support for the design, construction, and future development of artificial crowd intelligence systems oriented toward complex tasks.

Key words: human society, crowd behavior, crowd intelligence, social learning, culture formation, collective intelligence innovation

郭斌, 吴磊, 刘希明, 李明泽, 张周阳子, 刘思聪, 於志文. 人类社会群智涌现机理: 从集群行为到文化演化(特邀)[J]. 计算机工程, 2026, 52(3): 1-40.

GUO Bin, WU Lei, LIU Ximing, LI Mingze, ZHANG Zhouyangzi, LIU Sicong, YU Zhiwen. Mechanisms of Crowd Intelligence Emergence in Human Societies: from Collective Behaviors to Culture Evolution (Invited)[J]. Computer Engineering, 2026, 52(3): 1-40.

https://www.ecice06.com/CN/Y2026/V52/I3/1

图/表 6

图1 人类社会群智涌现机理、映射机理和典型应用

Fig.1 Emergence mechanism, mapping mechanism, and typical applications of crowd intelligence in human societies

图2 集智创新的产生机制和影响因素

Fig.2 Generation mechanism and influencing factors of collective intelligence innovation

图3 文化进化

Fig.3 Cultural evolution

图4 基于LLM的人工社群模拟——“斯坦福小镇”

Fig.4 Simulation of artificial communities based on LLM— ′Stanford Town′

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人类社会群智涌现机理: 从集群行为到文化演化(特邀)

Mechanisms of Crowd Intelligence Emergence in Human Societies: from Collective Behaviors to Culture Evolution (Invited)

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选择文件类型/文献管理软件名称

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人类社会群智涌现机理: 从集群行为到文化演化(特邀)

Mechanisms of Crowd Intelligence Emergence in Human Societies: from Collective Behaviors to Culture Evolution (Invited)

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