摘要： 随着电磁信号分析技术和方法的不断更新，对电磁信号分析软件功能的快速迭代能力提出了更高要求。然而，传统架构由于系统耦合度高，模块间依赖性强，导致软件维护难度大、更新效率低，难以满足新功能的扩展需求。为了解决上述问题，提出一种基于插件式的电磁信号分析软件架构设计方法，旨在通过插件式设计降低系统耦合度，提升软件的可扩展性与维护效率。首先，依据软件的功能需求分析，制定了软件架构设计原则，并在此基础上设计了层次化模块化的电磁信号分析软件总体架构。然后，基于“平台+插件”的思想，设计了平台扩展接口和标准插件接口，以规范插件的开发与集成。同时，基于Qt框架的动态插件加载机制，设计并实现了插件管理器，并开发了支持跨平台运行的电磁信号分析原型软件。最后，基于EMSA度量方法对原型软件的可扩展性进行评估，同时在实际应用场景下进行测试验证。实验结果表明，插件式电磁信号分析软件的扩展能力相比模块化架构提升了58.33%，并在实际应用过程中表现出较高的稳定性和鲁棒性。

Abstract: With the continuous updating of electromagnetic signal analysis technology and methods, higher requirements are put forward for the rapid iteration capability of electromagnetic signal analysis software functions. However, due to the high system coupling and strong inter-module dependency of traditional architecture, software maintenance is difficult and the update efficiency is low, which makes it difficult to meet the expansion requirements of new functions. In order to solve the above problems, a plug-in-based electromagnetic signal analysis software architecture design method is proposed, aiming to reduce the system coupling through plug-in design and improve the scalability and maintenance efficiency of the software. First, according to the functional requirements analysis of the software, the software architecture design principles are formulated, and on this basis, the hierarchical modular overall architecture of electromagnetic signal analysis software is designed. Then, based on the idea of "platform + plug-in", the platform extension interface and standard plug-in interface are designed to standardize the development and integration of plug-ins. At the same time, based on the dynamic plug-in loading mechanism of the Qt framework, the plug-in manager is designed and implemented, and the prototype software of electromagnetic signal analysis that supports cross-platform operation is developed. Finally, the scalability of the prototype software is evaluated based on the EMSA measurement method, and tested and verified in actual application scenarios. Experimental results show that the expansion capability of the plug-in electromagnetic signal analysis software is improved by 58.33% compared with the modular architecture, and it exhibits high stability and robustness in actual application.