摘要： 针对无线传感器网络运行过程中出现的节点能耗不均及网络稳定周期较短的问题,提出一种改进的稳定选举协议。采用综合考虑节点剩余能量和能量消耗率的簇头选举机制,优化节点阈值计算方法,使剩余能量越多、能量消耗率越小的节点被选为簇头的概率越大,从而避免能量过低的节点承担较多网络负载,均衡节点间的能耗。仿真结果表明,改进协议能有效降低网络能耗,延长网络寿命。

关键词: 能量异构, 无线传感器网络, 能量消耗率, 能耗均衡, 稳定选举协议

Abstract: Aiming at the problem of unequal energy consumption of nodes and short period of network stability in the operation process of Wireless Sensor Network(WSN),an improved Stable Election Protocol(SEP) is proposed.The cluster head election mechanism which comprehensively considers node residual energy and Energy Consumption Rate(ECR) improves the node threshold calculation,making the nodes with more residual energy and less energy consumption rate more likely to become cluster head nodes and thus avoiding low-energy nodes assuming more network load and balancing energy consumption of nodes.Simulation results illustrate that the presented protocol can effectively reduce the network energy consumption and prolong the network life.

Key words: energy heterogeneous, Wireless Sensor Network(WSN), Energy Consumption Rate(ECR), energy consumption balance;Stable Election Protocol(SEP)

中图分类号: 

• TP393.03