基于双参考优化的壁画图像色彩还原

doi:10.19678/j.issn.1000-3428.0066835

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

褪变色壁画图像的色彩还原研究可以促进壁画的保护和展示。壁画图像色彩还原旨在将退化壁画图像的色彩褪变区域还原为原有色彩。常规的基于单幅参考壁画图像的色彩还原方法难以选取与退化壁画图像相似的参考壁画图像，进而影响色彩还原质量。为此，提出一种基于双参考优化的壁画图像色彩还原方法。采用双参考策略，即使用2幅参考壁画图像对退化壁画图像进行色彩还原，利用图像优化模块抑制褪变色壁画图像中普遍存在的噪声、划痕等多重退化，通过编码器-解码器网络编码提取壁画图像多尺度特征，并构建特征融合模块优化壁画图像的多尺度特征。采用双参考指导模块计算参考壁画图像与退化壁画图像的语义对应置信度，以实现图像区域间的相似性匹配，并实现2幅参考壁画图像的风格融合。在此基础上，利用融合特征实现退化壁画图像的色彩还原。实验结果表明，该方法可以较准确地还原退化壁画图像色彩，同时能较好保持壁画图像原有的边缘结构信息，并且使用无参考图像质量评估指标对各个方法的还原壁画图像进行客观评估，与对比方法相比，该方法在客观评估指标上最多可降低12.2%。

关键词: 褪变色图像, 壁画图像, 色彩还原, 编码器-解码器网络, 双参考优化方法

Abstract:

Research on color restoration of faded mural images can promote the protection and display of murals. Color restoration of mural images aims to restore the fading color areas of degraded mural images to their original colors. With the conventional color restoration method based on a single reference mural image, selecting reference mural images similar to degraded mural images is difficult, which in turn affects the quality of color restoration. To this end, a color restoration method based on dual reference optimization is proposed for mural images. The dual reference strategy involves using two reference mural images to restore the color of degraded mural images. The image optimization module is used to suppress the common multiple degradation such as noise and scratches in faded mural images. The encoder-decoder network is used to encode and extract multi-scale features of mural images, whereby a feature fusion module is constructed to optimize the multi-scale features of mural images. A dual reference guidance module is used to calculate the semantic correspondence confidence between the reference and degraded mural images, to achieve similarity matching between image regions for the style fusion of two reference mural images. On this basis, fusion features are utilized to achieve color restoration of degraded mural images.The experimental results show that this method can accurately restore the color of degraded mural images while maintaining the original edge structure information. Non-reference image quality evaluation indicators are used to objectively evaluate the restored mural images of each method. This method reduced the objective evaluation indicators up to 12.2%, on the comparison methods considered.

Key words: faded image, mural image, color restoration, encoder-decoder network, dual reference optimization method

徐志刚, 张聪. 基于双参考优化的壁画图像色彩还原[J]. 计算机工程, 2024, 50(2): 345-352.

Zhigang XU, Cong ZHANG. Mural Image Color Restoration Based on Dual Reference Optimization[J]. Computer Engineering, 2024, 50(2): 345-352.

https://www.ecice06.com/CN/Y2024/V50/I2/345

图/表 10

图1 双参考优化网络结构

Fig.1 Structure of dual reference optimization network

图2 特征融合模块结构

Fig.2 Structure of feature fusion module

图3 加入不同模块的还原结果1

Fig.3 Restoration results 1 by adding different modules

图4 加入不同模块的还原结果2

Fig.4 Restoration results 2 by adding different modules

图5 临摹退化壁画图像色彩还原结果对比1

Fig.5 Comparison 1 of color restoration results for degraded mural image

图6 临摹退化壁画图像色彩还原结果对比2

Fig.6 Comparison 2 of color restoration results for degraded mural images

图7 真实退化壁画图像色彩还原结果对比1

Fig.7 Comparison 1 of color restoration results for real degraded mural images

图8 真实退化壁画图像色彩还原结果对比2

Fig.8 Comparison 2 of color restoration results for real degraded mural images

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