安卓智能手机存储系统优化方法综述

doi:10.19678/j.issn.1000-3428.0068673

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

智能手机已成为人们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。安卓系统以其开源、生态完备等优点成为目前市场份额占比最大的移动操作系统。在安卓手机中, 存储子系统是关键的组成部分, 对用户体验有重要影响。不同于服务器场景, 安卓手机存储系统的设计需要考虑诸多独特因素, 如资源受限、成本敏感、前台应用优先等, 学术界对此已经展开大量研究。针对该方向研究现状进行总结分析, 首先将安卓手机存储系统用户体验保障面临的问题凝练为主机端写放大、内存交换、文件系统碎片化、闪存设备性能以及I/O优先级反转5类; 然后围绕如何解决这5类问题, 对现有工作进行分类介绍, 并总结常用的手机存储系统测试与分析工具; 最后对安卓手机存储系统用户体验保障技术的研究现状进行总结, 并讨论了未来潜在的研究方向。

关键词: 闪存, 存储子系统, 安卓系统, 智能手机, 用户体验

Abstract:

Smartphones have become an integral part of modern daily life. The Android operating system currently holds the largest market share in the mobile operating system market owing to its open-source nature and comprehensive ecosystem. Within Android smartphones, the storage subsystem plays a pivotal role, exerting a significant influence on the user experience. However, the design of Android mobile storage systems diverges from server scenarios, necessitating the consideration of distinct factors, such as resource constraints, cost sensitivity, and foreground application prioritization. Extensive research has been conducted in this area. By summarizing and analyzing the current research status in this field, we categorize the issues experienced by users of Android smartphone storage systems into five categories: host-side writing amplification, memory swapping, file system fragmentation, flash device performance, and I/O priority inversion. Subsequently, existing works addressing these five categories of issues are classified, along with commonly used tools for testing and analyzing mobile storage systems. Finally, we conclude by examining existing techniques that ensure the user experience with Android smartphone storage systems and discuss potential avenues for future investigation.

Key words: flash memory, storage subsystem, Android system, smartphone, user experience

次天钊, 杨昊, 周游, 谢长生, 吴非. 安卓智能手机存储系统优化方法综述[J]. 计算机工程, 2025, 51(3): 1-23.

CI Tianzhao, YANG Hao, ZHOU You, XIE Changsheng, WU Fei. Survey of Optimization Methods for Android Smartphone Storage Systems[J]. Computer Engineering, 2025, 51(3): 1-23.

https://www.ecice06.com/CN/Y2025/V51/I3/1

图/表 17

图1 安卓I/O栈示意图

Fig.1 Illustration of Android I/O stack

图2 在2013—2023年间不同问题类别的研究趋势

Fig.2 Research trends of different problem categories from 2013 to 2023

图3 禁用日志前后移动存储的写操作

Fig.3 Mobile storage writes before and after disabling journaling

图4 内存交换机制

Fig.4 Memory swapping mechanism

图5 应用运行期间的交互警报统计

Fig.5 Interaction alert statistic during App execution

图6 文件与空闲空间碎片化

Fig.6 File and free space fragmentation

图7 读请求处理流程

Fig.7 Process of read request processing

图8 后台I/O对用户体验的影响

Fig.8 Impact of background I/Os on user experience

图9 在可执行文件中对读关键数据的压缩

Fig.9 Compression of read-critical data in executable files

图10 SQLite回滚日志格式对齐

Fig.10 SQLite rollback-journaling format alignment

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