区块链技术综述

doi:10.19678/j.issn.1000-3428.0053554

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于区块链整体架构介绍技术栈层级,以比特币为例分析区块链工作原理,从分布式账本的角度描述区块链账本存储模型和账本分类情况。区块链中的数据通过共识算法在全网传播、达成共识并存储。在不存在可信第三方的情况下,利用智能合约实现交易、事务及分布式应用的独立运行,保证区块链数据的完整性、安全性及合法性。同时将哈希算法与默克尔树相结合降低区块链存储空间,基于数字签名算法为区块链参与者提供匿名身份证明,并使用加解密技术进一步保护区块链数据隐私。针对区块链安全、隐私保护、钱包管理等问题对当前研究的不足和未来的研究方向进行分析和展望。

关键词: 区块链, 密码学, 共识机制, 智能合约, 隐私保护

Abstract:

Based on the blockchain overall architecture,the technology stack hierarchy is introduced.Bitcoin is used as an example to analyze the blockchain working principle.The blockchain ledger storage model and ledger classification are described from the perspective of distributed ledger.The data in the blockchain is spread across the network through consensus algorithms,reaches a consensus and is stored.In the absence of a trusted third party,this paper uses smart contracts to achieve independent operation of transactions,bussinesses and distributed applications to ensure the integrity,security and legitimacy of blockchain data.It combines the hash algorithm with the Merkel tree to reduce the blockchain storage space,provide anonymous identity proof for the blockchain participants based on the digital signature algorithm,and further protect the blockchain data privacy by using encryption and decryption technology.In view of blockchain security,privacy protection,wallet management and other issues,the deficiencies of the current research and the direction of future research are analyzed and forecasted.

Key words: blockchain, cryptography, consensus mechanism, smart contract, privacy protection

中图分类号:

TP399

张亮,刘百祥,张如意,江斌鑫,刘一江. 区块链技术综述[J]. 计算机工程, 2019, 45(5): 1-12.

ZHANG Liang,LIU Baixiang,ZHANG Ruyi,JIANG Binxin,LIU Yijiang. Overview of blockchain technology[J]. Computer Engineering, 2019, 45(5): 1-12.

https://www.ecice06.com/CN/Y2019/V45/I5/1

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