区块链与秘密分享融合技术综述

doi:10.19678/j.issn.1000-3428.0064102

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来，区块链的持续发展使得应用密码学受到广泛关注，同时引起更多国内外学者对信息安全的重点研究。秘密分享技术作为构建安全多方计算协议的基础原语，具备门限特性且在应用中具有拜占庭容错性特点。由于在信息安全三要素，即机密性、完整性和可用性上的契合，区块链和秘密分享存在关联性和互补性。现有研究通过融合区块链和秘密分享技术提升了系统稳定性和效率，取得对分布式系统研究的突破。阐述区块链共识算法与拜占庭容错协议之间的关系，分析秘密分享对于实现权益证明共识算法的重要性。总结基于智能合约实现的不同种类的秘密分享体制，以及运用智能合约和秘密分享技术构建的密码协议和具体应用。说明公共通告栏与区块链、秘密分享技术之间的联系，综述使用秘密分享技术优化区块链数据存储的研究，并列举融合区块链存储和秘密分享技术可解决的实际应用。在此基础上，介绍区块链与秘密分享的功能特性和性能指标，展望两者融合的未来发展方向。

关键词: 秘密分享, 区块链, 信息安全, 门限, 拜占庭容错, 应用密码学

Abstract: In recent years, the continuous development of blockchain have attracted widespread attention in the field of applied cryptography, and an increasing number of researchers worldwide are focusing on information security.As a basic primitive for constructing Secure Multi-Party Computation(SMPC) protocols, Secret Sharing(SS) technology has threshold characteristics and it is Byzantine Fault Tolerant(BFT) in applications.Due to similarities in terms of three elements of information security(confidentiality, integrity, and availability), blockchain and SS technology are related and complementary.Existing studies have made breakthroughs on distributed systems by integrating these two techniques.Firstly, this paper elaborates on the relationship between blockchain consensus algorithms and BFT protocols and analyses the importance of SS technology in implementing Proof of Stake(PoS) consensus algorithms.Secondly, it summarizes several types of SS systems based on smart contracts and cryptographic protocols or applications leveraging both smart contract and secret sharing technologies.Thirdly, it demonstrates the connection between the public bulletin board and blockchain, summarizes current research on incorporating SS technology for reducing blockchain storage, and introduces practical applications combining blockchain storage and SS technology.Finally, this paper presents the functional charateristics and performance indicators of blockchain and SS technology, and points out potential development directions when integrating these two techniques.

Key words: Secret Sharing(SS), blockchain, information security, threshold, Byzantine Fault Tolerance(BFT), applied cryptography

中图分类号:

TP399

张亮, 刘百祥. 区块链与秘密分享融合技术综述[J]. 计算机工程, 2022, 48(8): 1-11.

ZHANG Liang, LIU Baixiang. Survey on Integrated Technology of Blockchain and Secret Sharing[J]. Computer Engineering, 2022, 48(8): 1-11.

https://www.ecice06.com/CN/Y2022/V48/I8/1

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