基于“嵩山”超级计算机的UCX库分析与优化

doi:10.19678/j.issn.1000-3428.0066016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

UCX是一个经过生产验证的优化通信框架，适用于当前的高带宽和低延迟高速网络。UCX作为“嵩山”国产高性能计算平台的通信中间件，提高了并行编程模型在InfiniBand(IB)高速互联网络上的开发效率，同时其性能也会直接影响上层应用的通信能力。基于“嵩山”超级计算平台，对平台上的UCX框架进行分析与性能测试，在此过程中归纳IB适配器通信存在的局限性以及UCX在通信传输选择中的不合理性。针对这些问题，根据“嵩山”超级计算平台的网络架构特点，在参数层面进行调优，使得UCX适配“嵩山”平台的Socket Direct架构；在代码层面修改UCX对传输的选择逻辑，使得UCX在选出共享内存传输后不再选择网卡进行传输，从而解决节点内的进程间通信抢占HCA卡资源的问题。同时，修正UCX中KNEM共享内存的带宽设置，使UCX在共享内存CMA和KNEM传输的选择上更加合理。实验结果表明，使用优化后的UCX在100个节点间进行allgather集合通信测试时，相对优化前延迟至多降低80%，节点内alltoall集合通信延迟至多降低70%，gather集合通信延迟至多降低45%。改进后的UCX通信库为“嵩山”超级计算平台上的并行编程模型和应用提供了更好的互联网络支撑，明显提升了平台的集合通信性能。

关键词: UCX框架, 高性能计算, 集合通信, InfiniBand协议, 共享内存, 消息传递接口, 高速网络

Abstract:

Unified Communication X(UCX)is an optimized production proven-communication framework for modern, high-bandwidth, and low-latency networks. As the communication middleware of the "Songshan" supercomputing platform, UCX improves the development efficiency of the parallel programming model on InfiniBand(IB). In addition, the performance of UCX directly affects the communication performance of upper-layer applications. This paper presents an in-depth analysis and performance test of the UCX framework on the Songshan supercomputing platform. The limitations of IB adapter communication and the unreasonable choice of UCX communication transmission are revealed. The UCX framework is adapted to the Sockets Direct architecture of the Songshan platform by tuning the parameters at the level of the identified problems. At the code level, the selection logic of UCX for transmission is modified such that UCX no longer selects the network card for transmission after selecting the shared memory transmission. This addresses the problem of inter-process communication within the node occupying the HCA card resources. The bandwidth setting of KNEM in UCX is also modified such that UCX becomes more reasonable in selecting shared memory CMA and KNEM transfers. The experimental results indicate that the use of the optimized UCX for allgather collective communication testing between 100 nodes reduces the delay by at most 80% compared to before optimization. Further, the alltoall collective communication delay within the node is reduced by at most 70%, and the gather collective communication delay is reduced by at most 45%. The optimized UCX communication library provides better Internet support for parallel programming models and applications on the Songshan supercomputing platform, thereby improving the collective communication performance of the platform.

Key words: UCX framework, high performance computing, collective communications, InfiniBand(IB) protocol, share memory, Message Passing Interface (MPI), high-speed network

刘康, 万伟, 刘波, 李俊宏, 李柱. 基于“嵩山”超级计算机的UCX库分析与优化[J]. 计算机工程, 2023, 49(12): 274-281.

Kang LIU, Wei WAN, Bo LIU, Junhong LI, Zhu LI. Analysis and Optimization of UCX Based on "Songshan" Supercomputer[J]. Computer Engineering, 2023, 49(12): 274-281.

https://www.ecice06.com/CN/Y2023/V49/I12/274

图/表 14

图1 InfiniBand软件栈和UCX

Fig.1 InfiniBand software stack and UCX

图2 跨Die传输的对比

Fig.2 Comparison of cross-Die transmission

图3 UCX软件栈结构

Fig.3 UCX software stack structure

图4 优化后的程序流程

Fig.4 Optimized program procedure

图5 节点内alltoall测试结果

Fig.5 Intra-node alltoall test results

图6 节点内点对点带宽测试结果

Fig.6 Intra-node p2p bandwidth test results

图7 2种共享内存通信机制

Fig.7 Two shared memory communication mechanisms

图8 节点内gather测试结果

Fig.8 Intra-node gather test results

图9 优化前后节点内alltoall测试结果

Fig.9 Intra-node alltoall test results before and after optimization

图10 优化前后节点内gather测试结果

Fig.10 Intra-node gather test results before and after optimization

图11 优化前后节点内allreduce测试结果

Fig.11 Intra-node allreduce test results before and after optimization

图12 32节点allgather测试结果

Fig.12 32 nodes allgather test results

图13 100节点allgather测试结果

Fig.13 100 nodes allgather test results

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