基于短包通信的随机到达WPCN信息年龄优化调度方案

doi:10.19678/j.issn.1000-3428.0069300

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在时间敏感物联网(IoT)系统信息新鲜度优化的调度方案设计中, 现有研究假设传感器和信息接收终端的通信链路完全可靠, 这与实际通信链路符合程度较低。考虑一个典型的无线供电通信网络(WPCN), 根据周围环境的状态更新信息以伯努利过程随机到达传感器并进行排队, 无线供电基站(WPS)通过广播射频信号对传感器电池供电。在考虑到射频信号给传感器电池充电的情况下, 首先推导短包通信(SPC)数据包传输成功概率, 其次建立两种排队规则下信息年龄(AoI)演进表达式, 并构建系统期望加权和信息年龄(EWSAoI)最小优化问题, 最后综合考虑数据包的随机到达、数据包在传感器处的排队规则和不可靠信道条件, 设计平稳随机调度策略和最大权重调度策略来优化系统加权和信息年龄。仿真结果证明, 单数据包队列最大权重调度策略的优化性能最接近理论下界。此外, 由于传感器和移动边缘服务器(MES)间的通信链路为时变不可靠信道, 短包通信的包传输成功概率对调度决策有较大影响, 因此通过仿真研究了短包通信编码相关参数和无线供电基站能量信号功率对系统加权和信息年龄的影响。

关键词: 信息年龄, 调度, 无线供电通信网络, 随机到达, 不可靠信道条件

Abstract:

In the design of scheduling schemes for optimizing information freshness in time-sensitive Internet of Things (IoT) systems, existing studies often assume that the communication link between the sensor and the information receiving terminal is perfectly reliable-an assumption that poorly reflects real-world network conditions. This study considers a typical Wireless Power Communication Network (WPCN), where state update information from the surrounding environment arrives at the sensors randomly, following a Bernoulli process, and is queued. The Wireless Power Station (WPS) supplies power to the sensor battery by broadcasting radio frequency signals. First, the success probability of packet transmission for Short Packet Communications (SPC) is derived, taking into account the RF signals used to charge the sensor battery. Second, the expression for Age of Information (AoI) evolution under two queuing rules is established and optimization problems are constructed. Finally, an optimal stationary randomized policy and a max-weight scheduling policy are designed to optimize the Expected Weighted Sum AoI (EWSAoI), considering the stochastic arrival of packets, queuing rules of packets at the sensor, and unreliable channel conditions. Simulation results show that the single packet queue max-weight scheduling strategy achieves performance closest to the theoretical lower bound. In addition, the communication link between the sensor and Mobile Edge Server (MES) is modeled as a time-varying unreliable channel, where the success probability of SPC significantly influences scheduling decisions. Therefore, the impact of SPC coding parameters and the energy signal power of the WPS on the EWSAoI are further investigated through simulation.

Key words: Age of Information (AoI), scheduling, Wireless Powered Communication Network (WPCN), stochastic arrivals, unrealiable channel conditions

马小平, 贾向东, 薛凯来, 牛夏秧, 张亮. 基于短包通信的随机到达WPCN信息年龄优化调度方案[J]. 计算机工程, 2025, 51(12): 268-276.

MA Xiaoping, JIA Xiangdong, XUE Kailai, NIU Xiayang, ZHANG Liang. Scheduling Scheme of Age of Information Optimization for WPCN with Stochastic Arrivals Based on Short Packet Communication[J]. Computer Engineering, 2025, 51(12): 268-276.

https://www.ecice06.com/CN/Y2025/V51/I12/268

图/表 10

图1 系统模型

Fig.1 System model

图2 信息年龄演进

Fig.2 Evolution of age of information

图3 状态演进图

Fig.3 State evolution diagram

图4 期望加权和信息年龄与到达率的关系

Fig.4 The relationship between expected weighted sum age of information and arrival rate

图5 期望加权和信息年龄与传感器数量的关系

Fig.5 The relationship between expected weighted sum age of information and sensor number

图6 期望加权和信息年龄与运行时隙的关系

Fig.6 The relationship between expected weighted sum age of information and running time slot

图7 期望加权和信息年龄与传感器电池容量的关系

Fig.7 The relationship between expected weighted sum age of information and sensor battery capacity

图8 期望加权和信息年龄与能量信号功率的关系

Fig.8 The relationship between expected weighted sum age of information and energy signal power

图9 期望加权和信息年龄与信息长度Z的关系

Fig.9 The relationship between expected weighted sum age of information and information length Z

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