面向无人机辅助边缘计算的卸载任务准入控制机制

doi:10.19678/j.issn.1000-3428.0069749

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对边缘计算网络中用户需求的动态性以及大量用户卸载任务导致的通信阻塞问题, 以最大化服务商收益且保证用户服务质量(QoS)为目标, 提出一种面向无人机(UAV)辅助边缘计算系统的卸载任务准入控制机制。首先, 根据用户信道质量、基站通信带宽等因素设置服务器通信阈值, 以避免任务的传输时延过高, 其中未与基站建立连接的用户可以选择将任务卸载到UAV或在终端设备上直接处理任务。其次, 考虑UAV资源的有限性及运行成本, 设置UAV接收任务的最优阈值, 且UAV仅对任务进行预处理, 将预处理后的任务进一步卸载到基站, 以降低任务的处理时延。将用户卸载过程建模为生灭过程, 使用矩阵几何方法推导出系统稳定状态的概率分布及用户的预期收益, 进而求解出UAV接收任务的最优阈值, 最终求解出任务高并发情况下UAV最优价格及其最大收益。仿真实验结果表明, 求解算法在服务商收益、用户QoS等方面具有显著的优势。

关键词: 边缘计算, 任务卸载, 准入控制, 无人机(UAV), 生灭过程

Abstract:

In light of the dynamic nature of user requirements in edge computing networks, as well as the communication congestion stemming from several users offloading tasks, this study proposes an admission control mechanism for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-assisted edge computing system. The aim is to maximize service provider revenue while maintaining Quality of Service (QoS) for users. First, a server communication threshold structure is established based on factors such as user channel quality and base station communication bandwidth, mitigating excessively high transmission delays for tasks. Users without a connection to a base station can opt to offload tasks to a UAV or process them directly on their terminal devices. Second, an optimal threshold for UAV task reception is determined considering the limited resources and operating costs of UAVs. UAVs perform preprocessing operations on tasks and offload the preprocessed tasks to the base station to reduce task- processing delays. This stage is modeled as a birth and death process, with matrix geometry methods employed to derive the probability distribution of the system's stable state and the expected benefits for users. Subsequently, the optimal UAV task reception threshold is determined, optimal prices are set, and the UAV revenue is maximized under high task concurrency conditions. The simulation results demonstrate the significant advantages of the proposed solution algorithm in terms of revenue of service providers and user QoS.

Key words: edge computing, task offloading, admission control, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV), birth and death process

徐渊博, 任静, 王亮, 符宁, 於志文. 面向无人机辅助边缘计算的卸载任务准入控制机制[J]. 计算机工程, 2025, 51(2): 54-64.

XU Yuanbo, REN Jing, WANG Liang, FU Ning, YU Zhiwen. Admission Control Mechanism for Offloading Tasks in UAV-Assisted Edge Computing[J]. Computer Engineering, 2025, 51(2): 54-64.

https://www.ecice06.com/CN/Y2025/V51/I2/54

图/表 8

图1 系统模型

Fig.1 System model

图2 服务商标准收益

Fig.2 Standard revenue of service providers

图3 任务平均时延

Fig.3 Average task latency

图4 任务平均收益

Fig.4 Average task revenue

图5 基站通信带宽对算法的影响

Fig.5 Impact of base station communication bandwidth on the algorithm

图6 基站收费对算法的影响

Fig.6 Impact of base station charging on the algorithm

图7 UAV带宽对算法的影响

Fig.7 Impact of UAV bandwidth on the algorithm

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