毫米波非正交多址接入的节能资源分配

doi:10.19678/j.issn.1000-3428.0068968

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

用户干扰会降低毫米波大规模多输入多输出非正交多址接入(mMIMO-NOMA)系统的能量效率, 解决该问题需要采用合理的资源分配方案。基于已知的信道状态信息建立从基站到用户的系统模型, 在考虑基站的发射功率和服务质量情况下, 提出具有多个约束条件的能效优化问题。该问题受用户分组、预编码、功率分配等多种因素的影响, 是一个复杂的非凸问题。首先在假设功率固定的情况下, 提出一种用户分组算法对需要提供服务的用户进行匹配分组, 在此基础上, 最大化全连接架构增益设计模拟预编码, 采用迫零法设计数字预编码。其次将能效最大化问题转化为一系列子问题, 并采用惩罚函数进行处理。最后设计基于Dinkelbach的迭代算法用于功率分配, 根据能效公式计算出能量效率。MATLAB仿真分析结果表明, 该方案能够保证用户间公平性, 且在能量效率方面优于现有方案。当信噪比为15 dB时, 全连接架构的能量效率提升约25.5%, 子链接架构的能量效率提升约25.1%。

关键词: 能量效率, 毫米波, 大规模多输入多输出, 用户分组, 混合预编码, 功率分配

Abstract:

User interference affects the energy efficiency of mmWave massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access(NOMA) systems. A reasonable resource allocation plan is required to address this issue. A system model is established from the base station to the user based on known channel state information. An energy efficiency optimization problem with multiple constraints is proposed, considering the transmit power and service quality of the base station. This problem is affected by many factors, such as user grouping, precoding, and power allocation, and is a complex non-convex problem. First, assuming the power is fixed, a user grouping algorithm is proposed to match and group users who need to provide services. Accordingly, analog precoding is designed to maximize the gain of the fully connected architecture, and digital precoding is designed using the zero-forcing method. Second, the energy efficiency maximization problem is transformed into multiple sub-problems and processed using a penalty function. Finally, an iterative algorithm based on Dinkelbach is designed for power allocation, and the energy efficiency of the proposed scheme is calculated according to the energy efficiency formula. The simulation analysis results using MATLAB demonstrate that this scheme can ensure fairness among users and is superior to existing schemes in terms of energy efficiency. When the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio is 15 dB, this scheme improves the energy efficiency by approximately 25.5% under a fully connected structure and the energy efficiency by approximately 25.1% under a partially connected structure.

Key words: energy efficiency, millimeter Wave(mmWave), massive Multiple Input Multiple Output(mMIMO), user grouping, hybrid precoding, power allocation

李贵勇, 高馨雨, 于晓娜. 毫米波非正交多址接入的节能资源分配[J]. 计算机工程, 2024, 50(12): 194-199.

LI Guiyong, GAO Xinyu, YU Xiaona. Energy Efficient Resource Allocation for Millimeter Wave Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access[J]. Computer Engineering, 2024, 50(12): 194-199.

https://www.ecice06.com/CN/Y2024/V50/I12/194

图/表 4

图1 不同发射功率下的能量效率

Fig.1 Energy efficiency at different transmit powers

图2 不同发射功率可服务的用户数

Fig.2 Number of users served at different transmit powers

图3 不同SNR下的能量效率

Fig.3 Energy efficiency at different SNR

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