Age of Information Orientated Transmission Strategy for Heterogeneous Data in Vehicular Networks

doi:10.19678/j.issn.1000-3428.0069009

Abstract

Abstract:

Age of Information (AoI) and Energy Cost (EC) are two significant performance metrics for real-time status update of Internet of Things systems to characterize information freshness and energy efficiency. This study is oriented toward a vehicular network system for short packet transmission, utilizing free-ride codes to achieve synchronized transmission of payload and extra data. The extra data encoded with random codes are superimposed on the Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) coded payload data to achieve one-step transmission of heterogeneous data, consuming neither extra transmission power nor extra bandwidth resources. In this scheme, the average AoI and EC expressions are derived for preemptive and blocking schemes with a truncated automatic repeat-request protocol. Numerical simulations show that free-ride codes can not only reduce the average AoI of extra data but also have a negligible impact on the AoI of payload data, all while requiring no additional EC. Moreover, a comparison with the blocking scheme suggests that the pre-emptive scheme obtains a smaller average AoI but a larger average EC.

Key words: Age of Information (AoI), automatic repeat request, Energy Cost (EC), extra data, free ride codes, Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) code

摘要：

信息年龄(AoI)和能量消耗(EC)是物联网实时状态更新系统的两个重要性能指标，分别用来表征信息新鲜度和能量效率。面向短包传输的车载网络系统，利用便车码实现负载数据和额外数据的同步传输。随机编码的额外数据叠加在低密度奇偶校验码的负载数据上实现异构数据的一步式传输，不仅不需要额外的发射功率，而且还不需要额外的带宽资源。在此方案下，结合截断自动请求重传协议，考虑抢占式和非抢占式传输两种策略，分别推导各自平均AoI和EC的表达式。数值仿真结果表明，便车码在不影响负载数据AoI的条件下降低了额外数据的信息年龄，同时不需要额外的能量消耗。此外，与非抢占方案相比，抢占方案的平均信息年龄较小，但平均能量消耗较大。

关键词: 信息年龄, 自动重传请求, 能量消耗, 额外数据, 便车码, 低密度奇偶校验码

WANG Yue, XIE Mangang, WANG Yaping. Age of Information Orientated Transmission Strategy for Heterogeneous Data in Vehicular Networks[J]. Computer Engineering, 2025, 51(8): 383-395.

王玥, 颉满刚, 王雅萍. 信息年龄优先的车载网络异构数据传输策略[J]. 计算机工程, 2025, 51(8): 383-395.

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Figures/Tables 14

Fig.1 Updating of payload and extra data in vehicular network

Fig.2 Payload and extra data transmission

Fig.3 The AoI changes for preemptive transport scheme

Fig.4 The AoI changes for non-preemptive transport scheme

Fig.5 Average AoI performance for payloads and additional data

Fig.6 Average AoI performance for additional data

Fig.7 Effect of extra information bit length on average AoI

Fig.8 The effect of maximum number of transfers on the average AoI of additional data

Fig.9 Effect of state update generation probability on average AoI

Fig.10 Average EC of free ride codes and conventional code under preemptive and non-preemptive schemes

Fig.11 Influence of the maximum number of transmissions on the average EC

Fig.12 Effect of state update generation probability on average EC

Fig.13 Effect of coding length on age-energy weighted sum age-energy weighted sum versus code length

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