摘要：

针对车联网中车辆的隐私泄露和恶意车辆提供虚假信息的问题, 提出一种适用于车联网环境的多接收者匿名签密方案。该方案使车辆能够向一组路侧单元(RSU)发送秘密信息。利用可信中心生成的长期伪身份和自己生成的短期伪身份保证车辆的强匿名性来提供有条件的隐私, 并避免造成发送者车辆的身份泄露。在签密的过程中将指定的一组接收者RSU的身份信息采用模多项式计算后添加到密文当中实现RSU之间的匿名。此外, 如果发现车辆有篡改和拦截消息等恶意行为, 它会被可信中心跟踪并撤销身份。在椭圆曲线离散对数问题和计算性Diffie-Hellman的基础上证明了所提方案在ROM下满足消息保密性、不可伪造性、匿名性、可撤销性等安全要求, 安全性证明和效率分析表明该方案具有较高的安全性。实验结果表明, 与对比方案相比, 该方案在车辆对消息进行签密的阶段中所用时间减少了36.4%~54.7%, 总时间减少了47.3%~56.7%, 同时, 该方案在解签密阶段是恒定数值, 具有较高的计算效率和实用性。

关键词: 车联网, 多接收者签密, 匿名性, 可追踪, 可撤销

Abstract:

To address the issues of privacy leakage and false information from malicious vehicles in the Internet of Vehicle(IoV), this study proposes a multi-receiver anonymous signcryption scheme. This scheme enables a vehicle to send secret information to a set of Roadside Units(RSUs). The process involves two key steps. First, the use of a long-term pseudo-identity generated by the Trusted Authority(TA) and a short-term pseudo-identity generated by the vehicle itself ensure strong anonymity, providing conditional privacy and preventing leakage of the sender's identity. Second, during signcryption, the identity information of the specified group of recipient RSUs is calculated using a modular polynomial and incorporated into the ciphertext to maintain anonymity between RSUs. In addition, if a vehicle is detected tampering with or intercepting messages, it will be tracked and revoked by the TA. Based on the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem and Computational Diffie-Hellman(CDH), the scheme's security properties, including message confidentiality, unforgeability, anonymity, and revocability, are proven. Security proofs and efficiency analysis show that the scheme offers high security. Experimental results show that, compared to related schemes, this scheme reduces the time required for the vehicle signcryption stage by 36.4%-54.7%, and the total time by 47.3%-56.7%. Furthermore, the scheme maintains a constant value in the decryption stage, providing high computational efficiency and practicability.

Key words: Internet of Vehicles(IoV), multi-receiver signcryption, anonymity, traceable, revocable